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~ぶり – …-like / …-ish; after (a long time)
1. Basic structure
Form
Structure
General meaning
Notes
Describes manner/appearance
N + ぶり
“manner …”, “appearance …”, “style …”
Very common: 仕事ぶり, 話しぶり, 働きぶり
Time interval
Time + ぶり(に)
“after … (finally) …”, “the first time in …”
に is not required when used as a predicate: ~ぶりだ/~ぶりのN
Variant with verbs
Vます + っぷり
“manner of … (doing)”, “degree …”
In practice, after verbs ~っぷり is more natural than ~ぶり
Nominalization
(その)N + ぶり
Nominalizes a quality; can add の to modify a noun
例: 彼の仕事ぶりの評価
2. Main meanings & detailed analysis
Conveys the meaning of “manner/style/appearance” when attached to nouns denoting actions: 話しぶり(way of speaking)、働きぶり(way of working). Often implies an evaluation.
Expresses “elapsed time” when attached to a time point: 十年ぶりに(for the first time in ten years …)、三日ぶりの雨(the first rain in three days).
With verbs, the more natural pattern is Vます + っぷり: 食べっぷり(the way of eating), 飲みっぷり(the way of drinking). The ~ぶり form after Vます exists but is limited and sounds old-fashioned/less natural.
Nuance: generally descriptive/objective but often accompanied by the speaker’s impression/judgment (good/bad).
3. Example sentences
彼の仕事ぶりには誰もが感心した。 Everyone was impressed by his way of working.
彼女の話しぶりは落ち着いていて、説得力がある。 Her way of speaking is calm and persuasive.
今日は一週間ぶりに晴れた。 Today it was sunny again for the first time in a week.
十年ぶりの再会に、思わず涙がこぼれた。 At our first reunion in ten years, I couldn't help but shed tears.
彼の飲みっぷりを見て、相当疲れていると感じた。 Seeing the way he was drinking, I felt he must be really tired.
4. Usage & nuance
N + ぶり emphasizes “manner/appearance” and implies evaluation (can praise or criticize).
Time + ぶり(に): used to say “for the first time in …”; can appear before a noun (~ぶりのN) or as a predicate (~ぶりだ).
Vます + っぷり is the natural choice when attaching to verbs to express “the way of …”.
In formal writing, ~ぶり in the sense of “manner/style” is suitable in reports/evaluations: 仕事ぶりの改善, 指導ぶり, 経営ぶり.
5. Comparison, distinctions, and similar patterns
Pattern
Meaning
Main differences
Short example
N + ぶり
Manner/appearance
Attaches to action nouns; more formal than っぷり
彼の仕事ぶり
Vます + っぷり
Manner/degree of doing V
Natural with verbs
食べっぷりがいい
Time + ぶり(に)
Not until after …
Refers to a gap in time
三年ぶりに帰国した
~方/~よう
General way/method
Does not carry the evaluative nuance of ~ぶり
話し方/話しよう
6. Additional notes
“~ぶり” originally comes from 振り (to swing/brandish), which shifted in meaning to “look, manner, way”.
In news headlines: ~ぶり often highlights a strong impression: 迫力の演技ぶり(a powerful performance).
Time + ぶり can pair with imprecise quantities: 久しぶり(it's been a while), しばらくぶり(after a while).
7. Variations & fixed expressions
久しぶり(だ/に): it's been a while / for the first time in a while …
Vます + っぷり: 食べっぷり/飲みっぷり/働きっぷり
N + ぶりのN: 三年ぶりの再会, 久しぶりの休み
その~ぶり: その勇敢ぶり, その大胆ぶり
8. Common mistakes & JLPT traps
Confusing Vます + ぶり with っぷり: with verbs, use っぷり to sound more natural.
Forgetting に when used as a temporal adverbial: 十年ぶり会った(incorrect)→ 十年ぶりに会った(correct).
Thinking ~ぶり only has a time meaning: in fact it also means “manner/appearance”.
Using ~ぶり too subjectively to judge people in formal contexts can be impolite; use neutral phrasing instead: 仕事ぶりを評価する.