Vocabulary + Grammar
Vocabulary
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| いりぐち | entrance |
| かさ | umbrella |
| ~本 | counter for long cylindrical objects |
| 赤い | red |
| 青い | blue |
Grammar
~本(ほん/ぼん/ぽん)
◎ 「本」is a word used to count the number of long cylindrical objects and acts as a "counter."
1. えんぴつが 3本 あります。
There are three pencils.
2. 公園の 前に 大きな木が 1本あります。
There is one large tree in fornt of the part.
色の表現
An expression of color.◎ Color is mostly expressed throught i-adjectives that sighnify color, but some colors do not have i-adjectives.
1. 白い シャツ。
While shirt.
2. 黒い くつ。
Black shoes.
3. 緑(色) のカーテン (X緑いカーテン)。
Green curtain.
◎ Even when a color has an i-adjective, it is often still used as a noun.
1. 白の ズボン。
While pants.
2. 黒の かばん。
Black bag.
~の [名刺の省略 ]
Omission of a noun◎ The 「の」in「田中さんの」is used here in place of「かさ」.「田中さんのかさ」can also be said, but「の」is used in order to avoid repetition.
1. 学生の 机は 小さいです。先生のは 大きいです。
The students't tables are small. Sensei's is large.
2. あの 白い かばんが わたしのです。田中さんのは どんな いろですか。
That white bag is mine. What color is yours, Tanaka-san?
◎ Be careful, as this cannot be done when the noun being repeated is a person.
◎ Also, in this case,「田中さん」refers to the listener.「あなた」can also be used, but in many cases the listener's name is used with「さん」attached.
1. 青木さん、ちゃっと これを見て ください。
Aoki-san, please take a look at this.
2. この じしょは よしこさんの ですか。
Is this dictionary yours, Yoshiko-san?
どっち
Which◎ This has the same meaning as「どちら」, but 「どっち」is used when speaking to those you are close to.「こっち・そっち・あっち」is also used with the same meanings as「こちら・そちら・あちら」.