{"id":5644,"date":"2025-10-28T15:23:49","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T15:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vnjpclubwp.test\/ngu-phap-n4\/owaru.html"},"modified":"2026-06-21T19:26:06","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T12:26:06","slug":"owaru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vnjpclub.com\/fil\/n4-grammar\/owaru.html","title":{"rendered":"\uff5e\u7d42\u308f\u308b \u2014 tapusin ang\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"<noscript><div class=\"vnjp-noscript\">\u26a0\ufe0f Please enable JavaScript to view the content of this page.<\/div><\/noscript><div class=\"vnjp-js-only\"><section class=\"ai-explain-body\">\n  <h3>1. Pangunahing istruktura<\/h3>\n  <table>\n    <thead>\n      <tr>\n        <th>Uri<\/th>\n        <th>Istruktura<\/th>\n        <th>Halimbawa<\/th>\n        <th>Tala<\/th>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/thead>\n    <tbody>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Pagtatapos ng kilos<\/td>\n        <td>V-\u307e\u3059 alisin ang \u307e\u3059 + <ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u8aad<rt>\u3088<\/rt><\/ruby>\u307f<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b\uff0f<ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b\uff0f\u3084\u308a<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>\u201cTapos na\/nabasa na\u2026\u201d<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Panahunan\/Porma<\/td>\n        <td>\uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u305f\uff0f\uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u66f8<rt>\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304d<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d<\/td>\n        <td>Nagpapahiwatig ng tapos\/hindi pa tapos<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Pormal na anyo<\/td>\n        <td>V-\u307e\u3059 + <ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u308b<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u8aad<rt>\u3088<\/rt><\/ruby>\u307f<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>Pormal\/masining, may nuansang \u2018maaaring matapos\u2019<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody>\n  <\/table>\n\n  <h3>2. Pangunahing kahulugan at detalyadong pagsusuri<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>Nagpapahayag ng pagkumpletong pagkakatapos ng kilos na ipinahihiwatig ng pandiwa: \u201cnatapos, pagkumpleto ng \u2026\u201d.<\/li>\n    <li>Karaniwang ginagamit sa mga kilos na may haba\/progreso: <ruby>\u8aad<rt>\u3088<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3080, <ruby>\u66f8<rt>\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304f, <ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079\u308b, <ruby>\u7247\u4ed8<rt>\u304b\u305f\u3065<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3051\u308b.<\/li>\n    <li>Ang \uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u308b ay mas pormal, binibigyang-diin ang \u201cganap na natapos\u201d; ang \uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b ay neutral\/pang-araw-araw.<\/li>\n    <li>Hindi tulad ng \uff5e<ruby>\u5207<rt>\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308b: ang \uff5e<ruby>\u5207<rt>\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308b ay nagpapalakas ng diwa ng \u201clubos na naubos\/ubos na\u201d kaysa simpleng pagkakatapos.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>3. Mga halimbawa<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li><ruby>\u5bbf\u984c<rt>\u3057\u3085\u304f\u3060\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3092<b>\u3084\u308a<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u305f<\/b>\u3089\u3001\u30b2\u30fc\u30e0\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3002<br>Kapag natapos ang takdang-aralin, maaari nang maglaro.<\/li>\n    <li>\u3053\u306e<ruby>\u672c<rt>\u307b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby>\u306f<ruby>\u4e00\u65e5<rt>\u3064\u3044\u305f\u3061<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067<b><ruby>\u8aad<rt>\u3088<\/rt><\/ruby>\u307f<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u305f<\/b>\u3002<br>Natapos kong basahin ang librong ito sa isang araw.<\/li>\n    <li><ruby>\u98df\u4e8b<rt>\u3057\u3087\u304f\u3058<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3092<b><ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u305f<\/b>\u3089\u3001<ruby>\u76bf<rt>\u3055\u3089<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3092<ruby>\u4e0b<rt>\u3055<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3052\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<br>Kapag natapos na kayong kumain, pakiayos ang mga pinggan.<\/li>\n    <li><ruby>\u4f1a\u8b70<rt>\u304b\u3044\u304e<\/rt><\/ruby>\u306f\u307e\u3060<b><ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044<\/b>\u306e\u3067\u3001<ruby>\u5c11\u3005<rt>\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3057\u3087\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304a<ruby>\u5f85<rt>\u307e<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3061\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<br>Dahil hindi pa natatapos ang pulong, mangyaring maghintay ng kaunti.<\/li>\n    <li>\u30e1\u30fc\u30eb\u3092<ruby>\u66f8<rt>\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304d<b><ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d<\/b>\u3067\u3001<ruby>\u505c\u96fb<rt>\u3066\u3044\u3067\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby>\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<br>Saktong noong kakatapos kong isulat ang email, nawalan ng kuryente.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>4. Paraan ng paggamit at nuansa<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>Ginagamit upang bigyang-diin na ganap nang natapos; karaniwang sinusundan ng susunod na hakbang o nagsisilbing marka ng progreso.<\/li>\n    <li>Hindi natural para sa mga pandiwang biglaang\/o walang malinaw na proseso (\u00d7<ruby>\u77e5<rt>\u3057<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308a<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b, \u00d7<ruby>\u601d<rt>\u304a\u3082<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3044<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b).<\/li>\n    <li>Sa pananalita, madalas isinasama ang \u3068\u3053\u308d\/\u3070\u304b\u308a upang idiin ang sandali kaagad pagkatapos matapos.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>5. Paghahambing, Pagkakaiba at mga kahalintulad na pattern<\/h3>\n  <table>\n    <thead>\n      <tr>\n        <th>Padron<\/th>\n        <th>Kahulugan<\/th>\n        <th>Pagkakaiba<\/th>\n        <th>Maikling halimbawa<\/th>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/thead>\n    <tbody>\n      <tr>\n        <td>V-\u307e\u3059 + <ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>Natapos<\/td>\n        <td>Karaniwang pagkakatapos<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u66f8<rt>\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304d<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>V-\u307e\u3059 + <ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>Pagkakatapos (pormal)<\/td>\n        <td>Nuansang \u201cnatatapos\u201d, pampanitikan<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u8aad<rt>\u3088<\/rt><\/ruby>\u307f<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u308b<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>V-\u307e\u3059 + <ruby>\u5207<rt>\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>Ubos\/Lubos na pagkakatapos<\/td>\n        <td>Diin sa antas\/ubos na<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u4f7f<rt>\u3064\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3044<ruby>\u5207<rt>\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308b\uff0f<ruby>\u75b2<rt>\u3064\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308c<ruby>\u5207<rt>\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308b<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>V-\u307e\u3059 + <ruby>\u4e0a<rt>\u3042<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3052\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>Pagkakatapos (nagbunga ng produkto)<\/td>\n        <td>Malinaw na bunga, ipinapakita ang pagsisikap<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u4f5c<rt>\u3064\u304f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308a<ruby>\u4e0a<rt>\u3042<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3052\u308b\uff0f<ruby>\u4ed5\u4e0a<rt>\u3057\u3042<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3052\u308b<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody>\n  <\/table>\n\n  <h3>6. Mga dagdag na tala<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>Ang panlapi ng balarila \u201c\uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b\u201d ay intransitibo (hindi kailangan ng direktang layon), ngunit kung ang ugat na pandiwa ay transitibo, maaari pa rin itong magkaroon ng layon: <ruby>\u5bbf\u984c<rt>\u3057\u3085\u304f\u3060\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3092\u3084\u308a<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b.<\/li>\n    <li>\u201c\uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\/\u3070\u304b\u308a\u201d nagsasaad ng sandali kaagad pagkatapos ng pagkakatapos, karaniwang sinusundan ng ibang pangyayari.<\/li>\n    <li>Para sa malalaking gawain, ang \uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u308b ay mas pormal sa mga ulat: <ruby>\u624b\u7d9a<rt>\u3066\u3064\u3065<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304d\u3092<ruby>\u5b8c\u4e86<rt>\u304b\u3093\u308a\u3087\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3057\u3001<ruby>\u5be9\u67fb<rt>\u3057\u3093\u3055<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3092<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>7. Mga baryante at nakapirming mga parirala<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li><ruby>\u8aad<rt>\u3088<\/rt><\/ruby>\u307f<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b\uff0f<ruby>\u66f8<rt>\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304d<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b\uff0f<ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b\uff0f<ruby>\u4f7f<rt>\u3064\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3044<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b\uff0f\u3084\u308a<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b\uff0f<ruby>\u7247\u4ed8<rt>\u304b\u305f\u3065<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3051<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b<\/li>\n    <li>\uff5e\u3057<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b (grupo III)<\/li>\n    <li>\uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0f\uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u305f\u3070\u304b\u308a<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>8. Karaniwang pagkakamali at mga bitag sa JLPT<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>Gamit sa mga biglaang pandiwa: \u00d7<ruby>\u77e5<rt>\u3057<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308a<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b \u2192 gumamit ng <ruby>\u5206<rt>\u308f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304b\u3063\u305f\/<ruby>\u7406\u89e3<rt>\u308a\u304b\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067\u304d\u305f.<\/li>\n    <li>Maling maiugnay sa \uff5e<ruby>\u5207<rt>\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308b: <ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308b (natapos kumain) \u2260 <ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079<ruby>\u5207<rt>\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308b (kumain nang lubos\/ubos ang pagkain).<\/li>\n    <li>Maling anyo: \u00d7<ruby>\u8aad<rt>\u3088<\/rt><\/ruby>\u307f<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u305f \u2192 \u25cb<ruby>\u8aad<rt>\u3088<\/rt><\/ruby>\u307f<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f.<\/li>\n    <li>JLPT: madaling malito sa \u201c\uff5e<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u308b\u201d sa pormal na sulatin at sa pagpili ng tamang nuansa ayon sa konteksto.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n<\/section>            <nav class=\"sibling-nav v2\" aria-label=\"Mag-navigate sa magkakapit na gramatika\">\r\n              <div class=\"sib-col sib-left\">\r\n                                  <a class=\"sib chip prev\"\r\n                     href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/dasu.html\"\r\n                     rel=\"prev\"\r\n                     title=\"Tingnan ang nakaraang gramatika\">\r\n                    <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-left-circle chev\"><\/i>\r\n\r\n                                          <span class=\"txt\">\uff5e\u51fa\u3059<\/span>\r\n                    \r\n                  <\/a>\r\n                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n              <div class=\"sib-col sib-right\">\r\n                                  <a class=\"sib chip next\"\r\n                     href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/tsuzukeru.html\"\r\n         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href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/chatta.html\"\r\n                       >\r\n                      \uff5e\u3061\u3083\u3063\u305f                    <\/a>\r\n                  <\/li>\r\n                                  <li>\r\n                    <a class=\"chip\"\r\n                       href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/adj-ku-suru-ni-suru.html\"\r\n                       >\r\n                      \u3044-Adj\u304f\u3059\u308b\u30fb\u306a-Adj\u306b\u3059\u308b                    <\/a>\r\n                  <\/li>\r\n                                  <li>\r\n                    <a class=\"chip\"\r\n                       href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/adj-ku-naru-ni-naru.html\"\r\n                       >\r\n                      \u3044-Adj\u304f\u306a\u308b\u30fb\u306a-Adj\u306b\u306a\u308b                    <\/a>\r\n                  <\/li>\r\n                                  <li>\r\n                    <a class=\"chip\"\r\n                       href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/ni-suru.html\"\r\n                       >\r\n                      \uff5e\u306b\u3059\u308b                    <\/a>\r\n                  <\/li>\r\n                                  <li>\r\n                    <a class=\"chip\"\r\n                       href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/ni-naru.html\"\r\n                       >\r\n                      \uff5e\u306b\u306a\u308b                    <\/a>\r\n                  <\/li>\r\n                                  <li>\r\n                    <a class=\"chip\"\r\n                       href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/you-ni-suru.html\"\r\n                       >\r\n                      \uff5e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b                    <\/a>\r\n                  <\/li>\r\n                                  <li>\r\n                    <a class=\"chip\"\r\n                       href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/you-ni-naru.html\"\r\n                       >\r\n                      \uff5e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b                    <\/a>\r\n                  <\/li>\r\n    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