{"id":5622,"date":"2025-10-28T15:23:49","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T15:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vnjpclubwp.test\/ngu-phap-n4\/joshi-de-n4.html"},"modified":"2026-06-21T19:20:23","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T12:20:23","slug":"joshi-de-n4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vnjpclub.com\/fil\/n4-grammar\/joshi-de-n4.html","title":{"rendered":"Particle \u3067 \u2014 sa pamamagitan ng \/ sa \/ dahil sa"},"content":{"rendered":"<noscript><div class=\"vnjp-noscript\">\u26a0\ufe0f Please enable JavaScript to view the content of this page.<\/div><\/noscript><div class=\"vnjp-js-only\"><section class=\"ai-explain-body\">\n  <h3>1. Pangunahing istruktura<\/h3>\n  <table>\n    <thead>\n      <tr>\n        <th>Gamit<\/th>\n        <th>Istruktura gamit ang \uff5e\u3067<\/th>\n        <th>Halimbawa<\/th>\n        <th>Tala<\/th>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/thead>\n    <tbody>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Lugar ng pagkilos<\/td>\n        <td>N\uff08<ruby>\u5834\u6240<rt>\u3070\u3057\u3087<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff09 + \u3067<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u56f3\u66f8\u9928<rt>\u3068\u3057\u3087\u304b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u52c9\u5f37<rt>\u3079\u3093\u304d\u3087\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>Iba sa \u306b (pagkakaroon\/pagdating).<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Paraan\/kagamitan<\/td>\n        <td>N\uff08<ruby>\u624b\u6bb5<rt>\u3057\u3085\u3060\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff09 + \u3067<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u96fb\u8eca<rt>\u3067\u3093\u3057\u3083<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u884c<rt>\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304f\uff0f<ruby>\u7bb8<rt>\u306f\u3057<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>\u201csa pamamagitan ng\/pumunta gamit\/gamit\u201d.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Dahilan\/Sanhi<\/td>\n        <td>N\uff08<ruby>\u539f\u56e0<rt>\u3052\u3093\u3044\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff09 + \u3067<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u96e8<rt>\u3042\u3081<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u8a66\u5408<rt>\u3057\u3042\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304c<ruby>\u4e2d\u6b62<rt>\u3061\u3085\u3046\u3057<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3060<\/td>\n        <td>Karaniwan sa aksidente\/kalamidad\/bara.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Saklaw\/dami<\/td>\n        <td>N + \u3067<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u4e09\u4eba<rt>\u3055\u3093\u306b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u65c5\u884c<rt>\u308a\u3087\u3053\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3059\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>\u201ckasama\/kabilang\u201d.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Presyo\/gastos<\/td>\n        <td>Halaga + \u3067<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u5343<rt>\u305b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby>\u5186<rt>\u3048\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u8cb7<rt>\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3048\u308b<\/td>\n        <td>\u201csa halagang \u2026\u201d.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Oras ng pagtatapos\/hangganan<\/td>\n        <td>N\uff08<ruby>\u6642<rt>\u3068\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff09 + \u3067<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u4eca\u65e5<rt>\u304d\u3087\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308a\u3060<\/td>\n        <td>\u201changgang sa\/\u2026 ay tapos\u201d.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Kalagayan\/Kondisyon<\/td>\n        <td>N\uff0fA\u306a + \u3067<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u5143\u6c17<rt>\u3052\u3093\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u50cd<rt>\u306f\u305f\u3089<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304f<\/td>\n        <td>Nagsasaad ng kalagayan habang isinasagawa.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>Anyo \u3066 ng \u3060<\/td>\n        <td>N\uff0fA\u306a + \u3067\u3001\uff5e<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u5b66\u751f<rt>\u304c\u304f\u305b\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b>\u3001<ruby>\u72ec\u8eab<rt>\u3069\u304f\u3057\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b>\u2026<\/td>\n        <td>Nag-uugnay ng sugnay sa pangngalan\/\u306a-pang-uri.<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody>\n  <\/table>\n\n  <h3>2. Pangunahing kahulugan at detalyadong pagsusuri<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>Ang partikulong \u3067 ay maraming gamit: lugar ng kilos, paraan, sanhi, saklaw, presyo, hangganan ng oras, kalagayan.<\/li>\n    <li>Pangunahing pagkakaiba sa \u306b: \u3067 = \u201csa (lugar kung saan nagaganap ang kilos)\u201d, \u306b = \u201ctungo\/sa (lokasyon ng pag-iral\/destinasyon)\u201d.<\/li>\n    <li>Ang '\uff5e\u3067' ay anyong pagkakabit ng \u3060 para sa pangngalan\/\u306a-pang-uri, ginagamit upang pagdugtungin ang mga sugnay o magpahayag ng kalagayan.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>3. Mga halimbawa<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li><ruby>\u516c\u5712<rt>\u3053\u3046\u3048\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u5b50<rt>\u3053<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3069\u3082\u305f\u3061\u304c<ruby>\u904a<rt>\u3042\u305d<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002<br>Naglalaro ang mga bata sa parke.<\/li>\n    <li>\u30d0\u30b9<b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u7a7a\u6e2f<rt>\u304f\u3046\u3053\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3078<ruby>\u884c<rt>\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<br>Pumunta sa paliparan gamit ang bus.<\/li>\n    <li><ruby>\u4e8b\u6545<rt>\u3058\u3053<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u96fb\u8eca<rt>\u3067\u3093\u3057\u3083<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304c<ruby>\u9045<rt>\u304a\u304f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308c\u305f\u3002<br>Naantala ang tren dahil sa aksidente.<\/li>\n    <li><ruby>\u56db\u4eba<rt>\u3088\u306b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u98df\u4e8b<rt>\u3057\u3087\u304f\u3058<\/rt><\/ruby>\u306b<ruby>\u884c<rt>\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3053\u3046\u3002<br>Tara, kumain tayo \u2014 apat ang sasama.<\/li>\n    <li>\u3053\u308c\u3001<ruby>\u5343<rt>\u305b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby>\u4e94<rt>\u3054<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby>\u767e<rt>\u3072\u3083\u304f<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby>\u5186<rt>\u3048\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u8cb7<rt>\u304b<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<br>Binili ko ito sa halagang 1.500 y\u00ean.<\/li>\n    <li><ruby>\u4eca\u56de<rt>\u3053\u3093\u304b\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\uff13\u56de<rt>\u3055\u3093\u304b\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby>\u76ee<rt>\u3081<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3060\u3002<br>Ito ang ikatlong beses.<\/li>\n    <li><ruby>\u5b89\u5168<rt>\u3042\u3093\u305c\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u9759<rt>\u3057\u305a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304b\u306a<ruby>\u753a<rt>\u307e\u3061<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067\u3059\u3002<br>Ito ay isang ligtas at tahimik na bayan.<\/li>\n    <li><ruby>\u5f7c<rt>\u304b\u308c<\/rt><\/ruby>\u306f<ruby>\u533b\u8005<rt>\u3044\u3057\u3083<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b>\u3001<ruby>\u7814\u7a76<rt>\u3051\u3093\u304d\u3085\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby>\u8005<rt>\u3057\u3083<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067\u3082<\/b>\u3042\u308b\u3002<br>Siya ay isang doktor at isa ring mananaliksik.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>4. Paraan ng paggamit at mga nuansa<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>Lugar ng pagkaganap ng kilos: <ruby>\u5b66\u6821<rt>\u304c\u3063\u3053\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u52c9\u5f37<rt>\u3079\u3093\u304d\u3087\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3059\u308b (ang pag-aaral ay nagaganap sa paaralan).<\/li>\n    <li>Sa \u3042\u308b\uff0f\u3044\u308b (pagkakaroon), gumamit ng \u306b, hindi \u3067: <ruby>\u5b66\u6821<rt>\u304c\u3063\u3053\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u306b<\/b><ruby>\u5b66\u751f<rt>\u304c\u304f\u305b\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304c\u3044\u308b.<\/li>\n    <li>Ang dahilan gamit ang \u3067 ay para sa mga aksidente\/obhetibong sanhi; para sa subjektibong\/damdamin na dahilan, gumamit ng \u304b\u3089\/\u306e\u3067.<\/li>\n    <li>Ang anyong pagdugtong ng \u3060 gamit ang \u3067 ay lumilikha ng maayos at maigsi na pangungusap sa pagsusulat.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>5. Paghahambing at Pagkakaiba at Mga Katulad na Halimbawa<\/h3>\n  <table>\n    <thead>\n      <tr>\n        <th>Mga pares na paghahambing<\/th>\n        <th>Pagkakaiba<\/th>\n        <th>Istruktura ng pangungusap<\/th>\n        <th>Maikling halimbawa<\/th>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/thead>\n    <tbody>\n      <tr>\n        <td>\u3067 vs \u306b (lugar)<\/td>\n        <td>\u3067: lugar ng kilos; \u306b: lugar ng pag-iral\/patunguhan<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u5834\u6240<rt>\u3070\u3057\u3087<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067V\uff0f<ruby>\u5834\u6240<rt>\u3070\u3057\u3087<\/rt><\/ruby>\u306b\u3044\u308b<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u99c5<rt>\u3048\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u5f85<rt>\u307e<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3064\uff0f<ruby>\u99c5<rt>\u3048\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u306b<\/b>\u3044\u308b<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>\u3067 (sanhi) vs \u304b\u3089\/\u306e\u3067<\/td>\n        <td>\u3067: obhetibong sanhi; \u304b\u3089\/\u306e\u3067: paliwanag na dahilan<\/td>\n        <td>N\u3067 \uff5e\uff0f\uff5e\u304b\u3089<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u96ea<rt>\u3086\u304d<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u4f11\u6821<rt>\u304d\u3085\u3046\u3053\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff0f<ruby>\u7720<rt>\u306d\u3080<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3044<b>\u306e\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u5e30<rt>\u304b\u3048<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308b<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>\u3067 (paraan) vs \u3092 (objekto)<\/td>\n        <td>\u3067: kasangkapan; \u3092: direktang layon<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u9053\u5177<rt>\u3069\u3046\u3050<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067V\uff0fN\u3092V<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u7bb8<rt>\u306f\u3057<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079\u308b\uff0f\u3054<ruby>\u98ef<rt>\u306f\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3092<\/b><ruby>\u98df<rt>\u305f<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3079\u308b<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n      <tr>\n        <td>\u3067 (pag-uugnay) vs \u304f\u3066<\/td>\n        <td>\u3067 ginagamit para sa \u306a\/N; \u304f\u3066 para sa \u3044-pang-uri<\/td>\n        <td>A\u306a\/N\u3067\u3001A\u3044\u304f\u3066<\/td>\n        <td><ruby>\u4fbf\u5229<rt>\u3079\u3093\u308a<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u5b89<rt>\u3084\u3059<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u304f\u3066<\/b>\u3044\u3044<\/td>\n      <\/tr>\n    <\/tbody>\n  <\/table>\n\n  <h3>6. Karagdagang tala<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>\u201c\u3053\u308c\u3067<ruby>\u4ee5\u4e0a<rt>\u3044\u3058\u3087\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067\u3059\/<ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308a\u3067\u3059\u201d ay isang nakapirming parirala na ginagamit sa pagtatapos ng presentasyon.<\/li>\n    <li>Kapag binibilang ang mga kalahok: \uff5e<ruby>\u4eba<rt>\u3058\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b> ay ang karaniwang pormula sa pagpareserba\/pagkuha ng reserbasyon.<\/li>\n    <li>Ang sanhi gamit ang \u3067 ay hindi ginagamit para sa mahahabang sugnay; kung kailangan ng paliwanag, gumamit ng \u305f\u3081\/\u306e\u3067.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>7. Mga baryante at mga nakapirming parirala<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>\uff5e\u3067\u304a<ruby>\u9858<rt>\u306d\u304c<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3044\u3057\u307e\u3059 (humihingi gamit ang \u2026\/sa pamamagitan ng \u2026)<\/li>\n    <li>\uff5e\u3067<ruby>\u7d50\u69cb<rt>\u3051\u3063\u3053\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067\u3059 (ayos na iyon)<\/li>\n    <li>\uff5e\u3067<ruby>\u5927\u4e08\u592b<rt>\u3060\u3044\u3058\u3087\u3046\u3076<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067\u3059 (maayos na iyon)<\/li>\n    <li>\u3053\u308c<b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u4ee5\u4e0a<rt>\u3044\u3058\u3087\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3067\u3059\uff0f\u3053\u308c<b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u7d42<rt>\u304a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u308f\u308a\u3067\u3059<\/li>\n    <li><ruby>\u4e00\u4eba<rt>\u3072\u3068\u308a<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b>\uff0f<ruby>\u4e8c\u4eba<rt>\u3075\u305f\u308a<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b> (mag-isa\/2 tao)<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h3>8. Mga karaniwang pagkakamali at mga bitag sa JLPT<\/h3>\n  <ul>\n    <li>Paggamit ng \u3067 sa \u3044\u308b\/\u3042\u308b: \u00d7 <ruby>\u56f3\u66f8\u9928<rt>\u3068\u3057\u3087\u304b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u672c<rt>\u307b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304c\u3042\u308b \u2192 <ruby>\u56f3\u66f8\u9928<rt>\u3068\u3057\u3087\u304b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u306b<\/b><ruby>\u672c<rt>\u307b\u3093<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304c\u3042\u308b.<\/li>\n    <li>Pagkakalito ng \u3067 at \u306b sa \u201cpagdating sa lugar\u201d: \u00d7 <ruby>\u5b66\u6821<rt>\u304c\u3063\u3053\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u3067<\/b><ruby>\u884c<rt>\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304f \u2192 <ruby>\u5b66\u6821<rt>\u304c\u3063\u3053\u3046<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u306b<\/b><ruby>\u884c<rt>\u3044<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304f.<\/li>\n    <li>Maling pag-uugnay ng pang-uri: \u00d7 <ruby>\u9759<rt>\u3057\u305a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304b<b>\u304f\u3066<\/b> \u2192 <ruby>\u9759<rt>\u3057\u305a<\/rt><\/ruby>\u304b<b>\u3067<\/b>; \u00d7 <ruby>\u5b89<rt>\u3084\u3059<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3044<b>\u3067<\/b> \u2192 <ruby>\u5b89<rt>\u3084\u3059<\/rt><\/ruby><b>\u304f\u3066<\/b>.<\/li>\n    <li>Paggamit ng \u3067 para sa lahat ng uri ng dahilan: para sa mahahabang sugnay dapat gumamit ng \u306e\u3067\/\u305f\u3081\u306b upang maging mas natural.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n<\/section>            <nav class=\"sibling-nav v2\" aria-label=\"Mag-navigate sa magkakapit na gramatika\">\r\n              <div class=\"sib-col sib-left\">\r\n                                  <a class=\"sib chip prev\"\r\n                     href=\"\/fil\/n4-grammar\/kara-desu.html\"\r\n                     rel=\"prev\"\r\n                     title=\"Tingnan ang nakaraang gramatika\">\r\n                    <i class=\"bi bi-arrow-left-circle chev\"><\/i>\r\n\r\n                                          <span class=\"txt\">\uff5e\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059<\/span>\r\n                    \r\n                  <\/a>\r\n                              <\/div>\r\n\r\n         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